Rise of the Cobots

Edward Hutchison, Managing Director of BITO Storage Systems, explains how robots can work with people to positively change the picture of traditional retail warehouse operations.

Counterbalanced and warehouse forklift trucks moving goods to and from storage locations in racking and shelving forms a familiar image of work inside a typical retail warehouse. But with drivers being a growing cost factor, some foresee this picture changing in the future. Many operations will of course continue to rely on forklifts, but automation is coming to the fore and, according to market intelligence company Interact Analysis, the UK is set to become Europe’s largest warehouse automation opportunity.

Driverless Internal transport systems are one such interesting opportunity because they are extending their role beyond merely transporting goods by gaining an ability to interact with racking and shelving, without the need for human intervention.

Edward Hutchison

Take BITO’s LEO flow, for example. This low cost, simple plug and play AGV (Automated Guided Vehicle) is equipped with a belt conveyor top and an automatic lifting mechanism, making it ideal for picking up and delivering goods to and from conveyor systems. Without the need for expensive software or infrastructure, it can carry a 600 x 400 mm load of either bins or small parts, which it can pick up and discharge sideways to the direction of travel using the belt automatically.

Goods can be fed directly to and from an Automated Storage and Retrieval System or LEO can deliver goods directly to the flow lanes of a Carton Live Storage system. Sensors allow bins to be transferred seamlessly from LEO to back of the flow lane, allowing personnel at the front of the lane to carry out the productive task of picking orders without running out of stock. With a payback period often in one year or less, this collaborative operation between people and robots is a great example of how a new image of work inside an retail warehouse can be created.

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Reduce eCommerce Packaging

Danish homeware chain Søstrene Grene has deployed automated packaging equipment from CMC to help optimise its eCommerce operations. Søstrene Grene is a retailer with more than 50 years of history, yet is relatively new to eCommerce, having only started offering online shopping to customers four years ago. With a retail presence in 16 countries and an online offering to 11, the firm offers a wide range of competitively priced homeware and accessories, crafts, kitchenware, gardening equipment and other goods.

A particular challenge when fulfilling eCommerce orders is the size and shape of the typical basket, and the variation of products therein, which could range from a small set of pens up to a full-sized chair, for example. The time it was taking to pack an order in its current DC in Denmark – soon to be joined by a new facility in the Netherlands – led to Søstrene Grene’s Chief Supply Chain Officer, Claus Tjærby, to lead a project to both reduce this time as well as reduce the amount of packaging used.

“Picking the order was not that challenging, but packing the order was very time consuming for us,” he says, “so the combination of time consuming orders, a lot of fragile items, and then the fact that our business was just growing massively meant we had a huge labour pool when working in peak seasons.”

Multiple Benefits

Through its Danish distributor Antalis Packaging, Italian sustainable packaging equipment manufacturer CMC Packaging Automation helped meet that challenge, bringing multiple benefits including a reduction in Søstrene Grene’s carbon footprint by supplying its CartonWrap technology to the Danish company. The automation in the DC means goods dispatched by Søstrene Grene to its online customers are now packed more efficiently and effectively. “Now it’s not one of 200 individuals who decide how they want to pack, it’s automated,” continues Tjærby, “and we use less packing material. Also, the size of the shipping box itself is much tighter now, so basically we can put more boxes on one pallet, which reduces transportation costs and, more importantly, reduces CO2 emissions from the transportation side of our business.”

The CMC solution means Søstrene Grene is able to pack its goods more densely, reducing the amount of air inside the individual parcels and packages. “With this system from CMC, we not only use less packing material, but we have also been able to shift from plastic packing – bubble plastic to protect the products – to paper-based packaging. So, all in all, a lot of individual contributions to an overall lower emission.”

Today’s younger consumers are increasingly seeking out sustainable retailers, and the packaging in which their items arrive is subject to considerable scrutiny, especially on social media where the worst offenders are routinely named and shamed on platforms such as Instagram, YouTube and TikTok. But when it comes to who will bear the cost of greater sustainability in retail, the answer is not often the end consumer. No, as businesses vie to attract buyers with competitively priced goods, it’s sometimes not feasible to pass on any additional costs to the customer. Furthermore, margins are tight in retail – tighter today than they’ve ever been – so any sustainability initiative cannot come at a high cost to the retailer.

Sustainable Solution

In light of this, Søstrene Grene has managed to offer a sustainable solution whilst reducing its overall packaging costs. “As a business, [moving to sustainable packaging] is something we want to do,” says Tjærby. “And then you also have the requirements from the authorities, legislation, which is becoming more and more strict. With different kinds of taxes applying to the amount of packaging material, there is an obvious cost saving factor in reducing paying material.“

The addition of a faster packaging solution from CMC that right-sizes outbound goods also greatly smooths flow through the warehouse. “It has helped the flow because we can pre-pack a lot of our more fragile items, such as glasses. When you ship them, they have to be wrapped first. With the CMC machines, we can now pre-pack it and then, once we get the order, we have a much more consistent flow, which is much easier for us to handle. And when you don’t have such a vast number of people on the floor – people running around all the time, with a lot of boxes, with a lot of paper – you can design a cleaner flow way. It’s much more easy to control and to oversee the operation.”

Although this was CMC’s first Scandinavian project, Tjærby couldn’t be more complimentary about the service offered: “We had very good cooperation with CMC. We are happy with the support and with the cooperation from their side. We feel that they were quite eager to make this a success, because we were a platform for their market entry, so from their side we had their attention. Their Scandinavian distributor for the products, Antalis, is now giving us the support, which is also what we need. So, in terms of cooperation with CMC and their distributors we are happy.“

With both the hardware and the packaging materials coming from a single supplier, compatibility is assured, says Tjærby: “It is an advantage to have one point of contact; with one supplier for the machine and another supplier for the consumables if something is not functioning well they can point the finger of blame at each other. It is not a possibility here, because they are the same company, and have the full responsibility to make it a smooth flow. That’s definitely an advantage, no argument about that.”

Whilst investing in a full automated packaging machine has reduced the need for Søstrene Grene to recruit so many temporary workers during its mid-October to early-January peak, there are still some aspects of its picking and packing process that still need to be automated. “That will be something we will dive into this year,“ concludes Tjærby. “We hope to be able to also optimise the last manual parts of our operation.”

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Asset Tracing and Transport Flow Optimization with ANT Locator

Autonomous navigation and fleet management equipment supplier BlueBotics – whose ANT navigation technology drives over 6,000 AGVs and AMRs around the world – has announced ANT locator, a new and highly flexible vehicle tracking and mixed fleet management solution that will be commercially available from June 2025.

“Based on our proven vehicle positioning technology, ANT locator allows companies to understand exactly where their forklifts are, and therefore where their pallets are too, whether inside or outdoors,” explains Dr. Nicola Tomatis, CEO of BlueBotics. “ANT locator also addresses an evolving challenge for internal logistics teams: how to ensure effective interactions between manual forklifts and driverless AGVs and AMRs, by enabling traffic light systems for mixed vehicle types, smart interactions in pre-defined zones, and the integrated monitoring of all vehicles.”

ANT locator is natively integrated with BlueBotics’ popular ANT server AGV/AMR fleet manager. It can also be integrated with a customer’s existing WMS, MES, ERP, or fleet management system. Further add-ons are also available, for example for outdoor use, and to manage the tracking of other mobile assets – such as pallet jacks, or staff – within shared spaces.

Designed to meet the needs of AGV/AMR and manual forklift producers, third-party software providers, and end users alike, ANT locator’s functionality spans three key use cases:

1. Optimization of transport flows on mixed vehicle sites
While automated vehicles like AGVs are a proven productivity booster, operating these in the same spaces as manual trucks is a challenge, especially on complex, confined sites. How can transport flows be optimized? Who has right of way? How can efficiency-killing deadlocks and accidents be avoided?

With ANT locator, the live coordinates of manual trucks are integrated directly into BlueBotics’ ANT server AGV fleet manager. This precise positioning data enables the software to automatically manage interactions between automated vehicles, manual trucks, and even human staff – for example, via the use of traffic light systems – helping companies to use their space as intelligently and safely as possible.

2. Precise tracing of manually moved goods

For material handling to run efficiently, knowing the precise location of every pallet is key. But while the drop-off points of automated vehicles are pre-programmed, knowing the precise location of every manual truck’s drop-off is far from guaranteed. With ANT locator integrated into every manual truck, the precise positions of these vehicles can be communicated continuously to a company’s existing WMS/logistics software, allowing material handling teams to trace the exact location of every payload – at pick-up, at drop-off, and everywhere in between.

3. Improvement of manual truck operations through data analytics

One of the biggest barriers to optimizing forklift use is not knowing how they are currently being used. Which flows are most common? Are drivers using the most efficient routes? The precise positioning data and analytics that ANT locator supplies allow companies to improve their manual truck flows, by understanding and optimizing their usage based on real-world insights. No asking, no watching, no guessing — just track, analyze, adjust, and advise.

Positive market feedback

German warehouse management software supplier, SEP Logistik, is an early adopter of ANT locator. “We use ANT locator in our RELAG-System to determine the exact position of each forklift. The system, which provides a real-time 3D visual of the warehouse to the operator, then can show them the most efficient path to reach their target location. ANT locator even enables us to offer this functionality outdoors,” explains Markus Fischbacher. “On one project for example, thanks to the efficiency gains achieved, we enabled a sheet metal producer to reduce the number of forklifts they required by 20%. With ANT locator inside our RELAG-System, our customers can enjoy greater intralogistics transparency and traceability, without needing to leave the office.”

Tomatis of BlueBotics concludes, “For manufacturers and warehouse operators looking to improve the efficiency of their internal logistics, ANT locator is a great fit. It provides the accurate vehicle positions and usage data they need to optimize truck flows, track pallets, manage mixed vehicle interactions and enhance on-site safety.”

Safety can be further boosted with additional collision avoidance solutions from Ubiquicom, which ZAPI GROUP acquired in October 2024. These solutions include proximity sensors that can be integrated into ANT server to create additional smart behaviors related to the operation of manual vehicles, AGVs, and AMRs. Conversely, ANT locator is able to interface seamlessly with Ubiquicom’s range of ‘Forklift Ecosystem’ solutions, enabling ZAPI GROUP to meet the needs of every internal logistics and warehouse management team.

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Taxi for Pallet Storage

Moffett Automation was founded in 2017 with a small, dedicated team and a vision for innovation and global impact, writes Shane Clarke.

“Since those early days our ambitions have driven remarkable growth: today, we are proud to employ over 100 talented professionals who contribute to our expanding portfolio of industry-leading solutions. Our engineering excellence has garnered significant recognition, highlighted by the 2022 Manufacturing Supply Chain Awards. This momentum continued in 2023 when Ernst & Young honored our Managing Director, Sam Moffett, with the prestigious ‘Entrepreneur of the Year’ award in Ireland. Building on this achievement, Sam was subsequently nominated as an International Entrepreneur of the Year contender in 2024.

“As our expertise and reputation have grown, so too has our global reach. Our Moffett Taxi Systems (pictured) have been implemented in over 20 locations worldwide, establishing our presence as a trusted partner in automation on an international scale. Each system reinforces our commitment to excellence and demonstrates our ability to deliver high-quality, cutting-edge technology solutions that meet the evolving needs of the warehouse and logistics industries. Our global footprint continues to expand as we work with partners and clients across multiple sectors and territories, ensuring that our solutions remain at the forefront of efficiency and reliability.

“Our fully automated warehouse storage solutions are powered by our highly regarded four-directional Moffett Taxi pallet shuttle. This system revolutionizes warehousing by optimizing space, reducing manual labor, and increasing operational efficiency. We take great care to understand the unique needs of each customer, designing and implementing bespoke pallet storage solutions that align perfectly with their requirements. Our customer-centric approach ensures that each solution maximizes productivity and streamlines operations.

Seamless movement

“The Moffett Automation VTUs (Vertical Transfer Units) allow our taxis to move seamlessly in all directions. These VTUs enable the taxis to travel between multiple levels, ensuring that any taxi can carry any pallet to any storage space within the system. This innovative flexibility eliminates bottlenecks and enhances the overall efficiency of warehouse operations. Our customers benefit from a system that not only optimizes storage capacity but also delivers unparalleled speed and reliability.”

Each Moffett Taxi is engineered to handle heavy pallet loads of up to 1500kg, demonstrating its robust and durable design. The system is also built to withstand challenging environments, operating efficiently in temperatures as low as -25°C, making it ideal for a wide range of industries, including food storage and pharmaceuticals. The taxis boast an operational period of 8 hours in ambient storage conditions and 6.6 hours in chilled storage, ensuring that they maintain high performance levels even in the most demanding settings.

“Our cutting-edge software plays a crucial role in the functionality and reliability of our automation systems, adds Clarke. “It enables remote monitoring and control, allowing for real-time adjustments and preventative maintenance. Key features include automated heat sensor monitoring, motor deceleration and acceleration adjustments, and remote operation. This guarantees rapid response to any technical issues, minimizing downtime and preserving system integrity.

Pallet Taxi

“One of the defining aspects of Moffett Automation is our commitment to in-house manufacturing. The Moffett Taxis, VTUs, and conveyors are built at our factory in Ireland, giving us the control to maintain the highest standards of quality and innovation.

“Looking forward, Moffett Automation remains dedicated to pushing the boundaries of warehouse automation. Our ongoing investment in research and development ensures that we continue to lead the industry with pioneering solutions. By leveraging cutting-edge technology, engineering excellence, and an unwavering commitment to customer satisfaction, we are shaping the future of automated storage and logistics on a global scale.”

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Gebhardt to Provide Ocado Storage and Retrieval System in DACH

Gebhardt Intralogistics Group and Ocado Intelligent Automation (OIA) are entering into a relationship wherein Gebhardt will provide the Ocado Storage and Retrieval System (OSRS) to customers in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, and other territory where it operates. The non-exclusive collaboration also positions Gebhardt to provide installation and maintenance support services for the OSRS.

“To continue our growth in the global logistics and supply chain market, we welcome Gebhardt into the Ocado Intelligent Automation ecosystem as a solutions provider,” said Mark Richardson, CEO of Ocado Intelligent Automation, part of Ocado Group. “Gebhardt has a stellar reputation in the sector and across Europe, and we trust them to bring deep value and expertise to customers in the region.”

The OSRS is an ultra-high-density cubic storage and retrieval system that combines world-proven automation with advanced warehouse execution software. It seamlessly integrates Ocado’s unique Robotic Pick technology, which is already deployed at scale and has performed billions of real-world picks.

The system’s ability to manage and scale high throughput operations makes it an excellent solution for a wide variety of industries, especially fashion and apparel, e-commerce, distribution, pharmaceuticals, and healthcare organizations, which need to efficiently process and pick a large volume across a wide product range.

The OSRS claims market-leading storage density, and its lightweight grid structure supports a bin capacity of up to 21 bins high. Because it’s modular, systems providers and logistics teams can deploy it at any scale, safe in the knowledge that the OSRS can expand as their operations evolve.

“Gebhardt has been seeking a high-throughput cubic ASRS to add to our portfolio. The Ocado Storage and Retrieval System fills that unique need, empowering large-scale fulfillment operators to compete at the next level,” says Marco Gebhardt, CEO of Gebhardt Intralogistics Group. “This is what the 70-year Gebhardt reputation is built on, providing a wide variety of flexible, modular solutions to support customers as they grow.”

“Integrators can play an essential role in the adoption and successful execution of advanced robotics and automation,” added Monique Apter, Chief Revenue Officer, OIA. “Gebhardt and OIA share the same outlook on customer relationships. Their highly trained experts will be on the ground, engaging with customers, providing service, and training associates in a meaningful way that’s rooted in the knowledge of how those customers like to work.”

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Pacifying Air Cargo

Hong Kong International Airport (HKIA) is a vast aviation centre and officially the busiest cargo airport in the world. Home carrier Cathay Pacific naturally has a substantial cargo operation there, as David Priestman reports.

Half the world’s population live within five hours of Hong Kong. With 1100 daily flights to 220 destinations, and three runways, HKIA, also known as Chek Lap Kok, is a true 24/7 operation. Annual cargo capacity is 5 million tonnes, with 2023 throughput of 4.3m tonnes, which is back to pre-covid levels. This ranks HKIA above Memphis (home of FedEx), Shanghai Pudong, Anchorage (surprisingly), Incheon (Korea), Louisville (UPS base), Miami and Doha.

Amongst HKIA’s particular freight advantages are the cold chain facilities, which are IATA accredited for temperature-control. This means pharmaceutical and specialised freight can be well catered for. The airport authority also is also highly-focused on ecommerce, connectivity and digitalization.

Sensitive Handling

Tom Owen is Cargo Director for Cathay. Speaking at the ALMAC conference in Hong Kong (see pages 6-10) he set out the company’s targets. “We’re a top 5 combination cargo carrier,” he stated. Cathay Pacific utilises its own dedicated cargo fleet, including twenty Boeing 747 freighters, and its passenger aircraft belly capacity. Six new A350F have been ordered, with an option for twenty more. The company has a handling capacity of 2.7m tonnes at HKIA. “We’re focused on our ability to handle sensitive, temperature-controlled and dangerous cargo, as well as time-sensitive items,” he added. “We have a net zero target of 2050, using carbon offsetting with our ‘Fly Greener’ initiative, and already 10% of our jet fuel is sustainable (SAF).”

Cathay also owns 60% of Air Hong Kong, which operates an express cargo network to nine countries. DHL owns the other 40% stake and uses Air Hong Kong extensively for regional freight carriage (see page 46). Cathay Cargo also benefits from HKIA’s Dongguan Logistics Park, up the Pearl Delta of the Greater Bay Area in mainland China, by being able to ship manufacturer’s cargo from there directly to an airside intermodal cargo pier at the airport. Export cargo can therefore be processed upstream at a lower cost.

Cathay Cargo’s terminal at HKIA is the newest one there and eleven years old. Import and export, transhipment and cross-border land express freight is managed from here, for ULD containers and other cargo, such as pre-packed pallets (handled by a fleet of Unicarriers forklifts), special goods (including live animals), bulky and loose items. The warehouse has an impressive 2445 container storage positions, featuring Dambach cranes in the bulk store, and 170 truck docks or loading bays. With 1800 staff, including contractors, it is a 24/7 operation, every day of the year.

Getting Fresh

Cargo Terminal Chief Operating Officer, Mark Watts, explained the total cold chain solution on offer, which is secured via the usage of thermal dollies, inflatable truck door seals at the loading bay and multi-temperature cold rooms – one of which I can testify to being bracingly cold in contrast to the ambient weather here! Cathay has developed its own design ULD – ‘MobiFresh’ (pictured). Temperature in them can be remotely controlled and they feature location tracking.

“While Cathay Cargo Terminal is a 100% subsidiary of Cathay Pacific and our largest customer is the Cathay group, including Cathay Cargo, Air Hong Kong and HK Express, our terminal business is run at arms’ length from the airline side of the business and we also serve a diverse range of airlines such as ANA Cargo, China Cargo Airlines, Lufthansa Cargo, Swiss World Cargo, EgyptAir Cargo and others,” Watts told me.

An end-to-end digital import process is the goal, with business customers using online bookings and epayment methods. Lithium battery screening in the warehouse is an unique selling point for Cathay Cargo. Watts is also keen to emphasise the significant recycling of plastic wrap in the facility, which is being increased in a bid for circularity.

November 2024 tonnage was 15% higher year-on-year. Cathay Cargo observed healthy market momentum during the peak season, driven by e-commerce sales events, while the cargo load factor (a metric that measures how well a vehicle’s cargo capacity is being used) rose to 62%. There was high demand for perishables from the Americas and Southwest Pacific, with significant deliveries to Hong Kong and other regional routes in Asia. Additionally, there was an increase in tonnage for the ‘Cathay Expert’ solution due to transportation of machinery and engines, especially from Japan. November also saw the successful launch of the ‘Cathay Courier’ campaign and this year the airline is adding flights to Rome to its schedule.

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