Eco-Driving in Europe’s Trucking Sector

Road transport is responsible for 755 Mt CO2 emissions today. However, the current situation in logistics doesn’t support a way to decarbonize it. Challenges along the way with infrastructure, technological barriers, costs, and market demands pave a struggling way forward. Despite that carriers can already contribute to a better place for drivers, communities, and the overall us. Thanks to eco-driving, we can move closer to ambitious EU targets.

Today’s real landscape of trucks in the EU

According to ACEA , over 6.4 million medium and heavy commercial vehicles operate on European roads today, with roughly 80% of total freight tonne-kilometers carried by trucks under five years old. However, the average fleet age is about 14.2 years, reflecting broad differences among EU nations.

EU emissions goals and alternative fuels

The EU aims to cut heavy-truck CO₂ emissions by 2.5% annually to reach a 15% reduction by 2025 (relative to 2019), with a long-term objective of a 90% cut by 2040 . Achieving this goal will likely require significant advances in battery-electric or hydrogen fuel-cell trucks. However, today’s situation in the area of infrastructure and cost barriers continues to slow large-scale adoption. CNG and LNG alternatives also remain limited by refueling network constraints. This is a place where eco-driving can play a significant role.

Eco-driving stands out for its immediate potential. Structured programs across Europe have shown fuel consumption – and thus CO₂ emissions – can drop by 10–20% when such practices are fully adopted. “Eco-driving isn’t just a buzzword – it’s a measurable way to cut costs and emissions almost overnight,” says Karolina Žekaitė, Head of Drivers academy at Girteka.

Emissions reduction at different scales

• A single truck traveling 120,000 km annually at 30-40 liters/100 km burns about 33,600 liters of diesel. Each liter of diesel produces around 2.64 kg of CO₂ , which yields roughly 96 tonnes of CO₂ per truck per year.
• A 10% cut in fuel use through eco-driving translates into more than 9 tonnes of CO₂ saved per truck.
• Applied to trucks older than 6 years (40%) across the EU, this cumulative benefit can reach 23 million tonnes in emissions reductions .

Improving driver operations and safety

However, eco-driving, despite the potential for reduction of emissions, also has a very good influence on road safety. “By adopting smoother driving habits, I’ve seen a drop in fatigue, and I’m less stressed at the end of the day,” notes one driver, who recently finished Girteka’s eco-training. Eco-driving focuses on steady acceleration, cautious braking, reduced idling, and route optimization. In-vehicle telematics tools help drivers and fleet managers pinpoint issues like harsh braking or high idle times.

Training, telemetry, and continuous improvement

In 2024, more than 7.000 Girteka drivers completed both theory sessions – covering fuel-saving techniques and safety measures – and practical lessons with an instructor. “We provide real-time feedback to our drivers through an updated mobile system, so they can easily adapt their way of driving to exact results that are transferred to them via mobile solution,” explains Žekaitė. “That immediate visibility on speed, acceleration, and braking patterns helps them make adjustments on the road for better efficiency.”

Broader perspective and next steps

While modernizing fleets and exploring cleaner fuels remain vital for meeting the EU’s 2025 and 2040 emissions targets, eco-driving offers an immediate, cost-effective complement. It delivers measurable improvements in fuel efficiency, reduces costs, and often enhances safety.

Eco-driving is one of several tactics available to the freight industry, alongside accelerated fleet renewal and alternative fuels. Girteka’s driver training programs indicate that even small per-vehicle gains can yield significant environmental and economic advantages when multiplied across Europe’s vast trucking sector. To reach ambitious emission goals, industry stakeholders may combine multiple strategies – modern vehicles, expanded infrastructure for alternative fuels, and well-structured driver education – to ensure immediate and long-term progress.

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Hydrogen for HGV Heavies

Heavy Goods Vehicles are well-suited to the use of hydrogen for carbon-free transport fleets and good progress is being made. Richard Shepherd-Barron reports for Logistics Business.

In recent years the emphasis on clean power has been very much concentrated on electric vehicles – especially in the light van and medium vehicle sectors. However, there are drawbacks, such as the reduction in load capacity with an increase in the unladen weight from the batteries and the reduction in operating mileage with the need to recharge. Truck makers across the world have been working on the development of hydrogen-powered vehicles and with a particular emphasis on larger trucks although it has been interesting to see that four makers of light commercial vehicles introduced new hydrogen-powered models at the recent IAA Transportation show in Hannover. This has provided a clear indication of the appeal of this technology.

All this activity has not gone unnoticed in EU circles and an additional €1.2 billion fund has just been announced by the European Commission to support the production of renewable fuels of non-biological origin (RFNBO). At the same time, MAN Energy Solutions subsidiary company, electrolysis specialist Quest One, has opened a new ‘giga hub’ for the serial and automated production of electrolysis stacks in Hamburg. At full capacity this new factory is expected to produce stacks with a potential total electrolysis capacity of over five gigawatts per year. The UK is not lagging behind, with the Government announcing in October an £88 million finding boost for zero emission tech firms.

There are two ways to produce hydrogen. Firstly, by cracking fossil fuels – this is called ‘grey’ hydrogen because CO2 is always released when fossil fuels are processed. A second, and much cleaner way to create hydrogen is through electrolysis – when electricity generated from renewable sources is passed through water to create oxygen and hydrogen for a 100% carbon-free product. Used in vehicle engines, this produces only water as its emission.

There are two types of hydrogen-powered vehicle – one using hydrogen fuel-cells to generate electricity to drive electric propulsion and the other where hydrogen replaces diesel fuel in a conventional engine. Both systems require tanks for the hydrogen. The fuel-cell units are, of course, totally silent but the combustion engines have an advantage in hot climates and where power is needed over long periods.

Alternative Zero Emissions

MAN have won the Truck Innovation Award 2025 for their hTGX hydrogen combustion truck (pictured) offering an alternative zero-emission solution. Delivery of the first 200 units starts next year to customers in Germany, the Netherlands, Norway, Iceland and selected non-European countries providing an alternative zero-emission solution. Using the proven H45 engine, it is available in 6×2 and 6×4 axle configurations, enabling a high payload and with maximum ranges of up to 600 kms.

Volvo are also working on hydrogen fuelled trucks, but Toyota have gone further by carrying out trials in Belgium with a new hydrogen fuel-cell powered delivery truck for Coca Cola. This trial is in conjunction with the i gases company, Air Liquide. This collaboration is designed to highlight the potential development of both vehicles and infrastructure to provide operators with zero-emission vehicles. Toyota are also testing this system in trucks used by their logistics providers on their daily routes in Belgium, France and the Netherlands. Mercedes-Benz have their GenH2 truck which has a range of more than 1,000 km, carrying the same payload as a conventional diesel vehicle.

In the UK, Hydrogen Vehicle systems (HVS) has signed a deal to deliver 30 of its hydrogen fuel cell electric tractor units to Worksop-based Explore Plant and Transport Solutions. The trucks will be supported by a service and maintenance plan, full training on the safe use of hydrogen and refuelling, along with hydrogen refuelling infrastructure that fully meets Explore’s operational needs. Vauxhall is beginning customer trials of hydrogen fuel cell vans, based on their current Vivaro Electric range.

Providing an alternative to battery-electric vehicles, particularly at the heavy end of operations, the future looks strong for hydrogen power.

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Are LNG Fleets Powering Your Deliveries?

With the amount of deliveries skyrocketing in recent years, as online shopping continues to increase in popularity, it means the emissions of vehicles used to deliver these goods have also seen increased numbers, writes Jen Neale of Dover Fueling Solutions. Today, transport emissions represent around 25% of the EU’s total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.

In fact, emissions from transport have been on the rise since 2021, nearly rising back to pre-pandemic figures, with heavy goods vehicles (HGVs) being the second largest contributors only behind cars responsible for 28% of climate emissions from road transport in Europe, while accounting for only 2% of the vehicles on the road. The natural increase in HGV and long-haul deliveries means many companies may be looking at alternative fuels to reduce the emissions produced. Liquefied natural gas (LNG) could be that solution, and many may not realize some delivery companies are already employing them for deliveries.

With the concentration of LNG refueling stations increasing across the continent, the majority of which are in Western Europe and Asia, many of the items ordered from depots might actually have been shipped using LNG fleets. Fueling company Dover Fueling Solutions® has offered expert insight into the benefits of LNG and identifies which brands you might not have realized have already invested.

Why use LNG?

Natural gas is still an abundant resource that can be utilized as LNG to act as an alternative fuel source to traditional fuels. On emissions alone they offer a welcome change, producing 40% less carbon dioxide than other non-renewable fuels, making it one of the cleanest fossil fuels available. Plus, with LNG being clean burning and bio-LNG being created from organic waste, CO2 emissions can be reduced up to 100%.

A huge benefit is that they’re imported into Europe and the UK from several markets around the globe, meaning it’s not expected to see cost increases like those currently seen with electricity. Nor is it connected with the price of oil, so it can result in being 10% – 25% cheaper than diesel, depending on the market. For HGV drivers, LNG doesn’t take away from the driving experience or the performance of the vehicle but in fact offers one very important positive: they are compliant with current and expected future emission standards. Not only will this mean that vehicles fuelled by LNG should be able to enter environmental zones toll-free, but they will also play a huge part in delivering a net zero 2050.

One additional benefit is LNG engines are 50% quieter than diesel engines, meaning they’re within territory for a peak quiet certification for a Truck in Silent mode of 71dB(A). This means that loading times can be more flexible to provide a greater quality of life in city centres, as well as being an improvement for late-night deliveries to not disturb quieter areas.

Who is already incorporating LNG into their deliveries?

If you’re planning on getting your weekly food shopping delivered to your home, it’s likely it was delivered by a fleet employing LNG. Major supermarkets have been investing in LNG, and in the UK alone, two of the giants, Tesco and Asda, have both made the switch. This trend has continued throughout Europe with Spanish supermarket chain Mercadona, EDEKA in Germany, and Dutch chain Albert Heijn improving their efforts to employ the use of LNG in their fleets. Lidl is another chain that has been pushing for alternative gases within its fleet, employing both LNG and compressed natural gas (CNG) to fuel its delivery services in Switzerland.

Beyond supermarkets, major international delivery companies are investing more in alternative fuels like LNG. DHL has forecast a reduction in carbon emissions by 2,200 tonnes through replacing 20 diesel vehicles with LNG specifically for its M&S fleet.

Global LNG Fleet

Amazon has become a powerhouse in deliveries globally and in 2021 added 1,000 CNG trucks to their European fleet, showing how prevalent the shift towards these alternative fuels has become. Evri and UPS have followed suit and have begun investing heavily in LNG to expand the eco-approach to transport logistics. This could mean many of the items you’ve ordered online are potentially being shipped or delivered by a vehicle utilizing an LNG or CNG engine.

The shift towards LNG being incorporated into transport logistics strategies as a transitional fuel marks a much wider evolution in the way the transport and shipping industry approaches its fueling. Consumer behaviours are also transitioning as they become more aware of how sustainable and environmentally friendly the products they buy are, including how they are delivered. Knowing their orders are being delivered in a way that isn’t contributing to further emissions can offer the environmentally-conscious consumer greater peace of mind.

A greener future for generations to come is something you simply can’t put a price on.

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